Triple Seven Knight

Main Features

• SDT Sliced diagonal technology
• BPI Back position intake technology for spin and stall resistance and good stability at high speeds
• LDO Load distribution optimization
• LMO Line material optimization
• VDO Visual design optimization
• STE smooth trailing edge
• OCV Optimized cross vents
• Aerofoil optimized for great climbing
• Trim speed adapted to the pilot target group; fast, but not so fast as to be demanding to launch and land
• Dokdo 30 in the leading edge, DOKDO 20 for the rest – light but strong construction
• EN B certification

Sliced Diagonal Technology

When paraglider manufacturers first started using diagonal ribs inside the canopies to reduce the number of suspension points and -lines, the default method was to have just one (perforated) diagonal running almost from cell opening all the way back to the C or D suspension point and beyond. At Triple Seven, they were quick to notice that this method was sub-optimal particularly in the leading-edge region of the canopy – as the diagonal curved around the inside of the leading edge, the cloth would get warped and the load distribution exceedingly difficult to control. Our solution is to employ several separate diagonal ribs (see illustration), each shaped and cut precisely for the loads it is subjected to in flight. Not only does this extra effort translate into better load distribution and fewer wrinkles, but it also increases canopy integrity in turbulence, to the benefit of real-life glide performance especially at higher speeds.

Back Position (Air) Intake

On conventional paragliders, the location of the cell openings is always a compromise. The cell openings on paragliders must be located at the separation point (the place where the airflow separates into a part that travels OVER the wing, and another part that travels UNDER the wing) and because there is just one separation point, the cell openings must be either very large, or placed either at the separation point for trim speed, top speed or somewhere in between.

At Triple Seven, ALL their wings have been incorporating dual separation point aerofoils since the very first model – they call it the Back Position Intake. On Triple Seven wings the cell opening is located right between the two separation points, allowing Triple Seven to make it smaller while maintaining maximum inflow and thus maximum internal pressure at all angles of attack. With smaller cell openings and greater internal pressure, the collapse tendency at all speeds is significantly reduced, and the brake authority is increased – a big brake input from behind momentarily increases the pressure at the leading edge because the air cannot escape through the small openings, and this makes the leading edge more solid, less collapse-prone for the experienced pilot.

But due to the nature of the BPI even inexperienced pilots benefit from the BPI technology – the stall characteristics are significantly better, and the wing collapses much less in the first place. Triple Seven has also found that BPI aerofoils have better energy retention, making them more efficient in turbulent air – they aren’t as susceptible to being stopped in their tracks by sudden surges, something that makes them convert bumps along the way into altitude much better than conventionally designed paragliders.

Triple Seven was the first manufacturer to employ BPI technology to the full model range, and their extensive experience with this game-changing technology is just one more reason why they believe that a Valic-designed wing will make your flying more rewarding every time you take your wing out of its bag. At the end of the day, this is precisely what paragliding is about  – getting the most out of every flying opportunity, regardless of your own personal goals!

Load Distribution Optimization

One of the main challenges in paraglider design is to make the aircraft, sewn from soft materials and filled with nothing but air, into a “solid” wing that will maintain its optimal shape even while flying through midday thermals and wind shears. Making this even more complicated is the fact that in order to improve performance there is no way around reducing drag; after all,  the common name for gliding performance of unmotorised aircraft is L/D – lift to drag ratio. As lift for a wing equals aircraft weight, the only way to make it go further is by cutting drag, so Triple Seven keep reducing external things which help the wing maintain its shape, not least by reducing line consumption.

Drag is also caused by canopy wrinkles; just one more reason to make canopies as wrinkle-free as at all possible.

Enter the Triple Seven Load Distribution Technology

Consisting of a thin Nylon “rod” sewn into each cell wall in a carefully designed wave pattern, the Load Distribution Technology distributes the loads from each line level across the whole chord of the wing, making the wing so much more true to its shape regardless of what the air is doing around it. This translates into a higher resistance to collapses, better energy retention and not least significantly improved gliding performance through turbulent air – and the best part is, with the very thin diameter of the “rods” it doesn’t impede the packing of the wing at all.

Visual Design Optimisation

Although all wings look great from a graphical perspective, there’s more to the design than meets the eye. Each and every seam (except the “7” logo on the wingtips) has been placed precisely where it is for a reason, and there are no more seams in the canopy than necessary for the optimal panel tensioning everywhere. If you design for looks rather than for efficiency you often end up with many more seams than you should ideally have, and every single one will increase the total air permeability of the canopy. In extreme cases this may lead to porosity issues at readings that wouldn’t normally be considered critical – if too much air is escaping via the many seams, then smaller increases in porosity in the individual panels may cause the whole wing to fall over the edge of what is still flyable.

When flying a Triple Seven wing you can rest assured that none of the design elements has been incorporated out of vanity – there are only technical solutions. Fortunately, the discerning pilot will instinctively associate efficiency with attractive!

Smooth Trailing Edge

The paraglider’s trailing edge is a critical part of the design for both glider handling and performance, and one where Triple Seven invest a lot of effort into perfecting it. As the paraglider is inflated, the pressure inside makes the cells billow, and the Triple Seven STE technology is there to control the billowing near the trailing edge. Too much billow in this region shortens the trailing edge in a spanwise direction and may make the canopy pitch unstable in combination with pressure changes. Besides, too much billow at this critical part of the canopy adversely affects performance, because it may cause the airflow to separate in an uncontrolled manner.

With the Triple Seven STE technology, the designers have managed to completely eliminate excessive billowing, making for a much more coherent and sharp trailing edge. This is great news for performance and handling because the solid trailing edge transmits brake line input into turns much more readily.

Optimised Cross Vents

As paraglider canopies grow increasingly complex inside, the number of components in each wing grows as well. If you sometimes wonder why the prices seem to always take a small hike upwards with each new model range, this is the reason for it – a modern canopy is simply far more complex to put together than a five-year-old model was.

But with increasing complexity, one would normally expect the weight to go up as well, and one of the main challenges the Triple Seven designers face when working on new products is to make sure this isn’t the case. A heavier canopy is bad on just about every level, from the basic premise that you still have to carry it on your back, to the fact that heavy canopies launch less readily, and have less enticing handling once in the air. So the challenge is to include all the extra elements inside the wing, but make sure they are as minimal in every way as at all possible. When you look through the (small) cell openings of a Triple Seven wing you’ll notice that all the ribs, and the diagonal ribs, in particular, are very elaborately designed and shaped, the cross ports following the stress lines very accurately, and also that they’re split up into several smaller sections. Through this extra complexity, Triple Seven has managed to get the best of both worlds; the lightness that Triple Seven feel is essential for obtaining the handling and safety characteristics they want, and the rigidity and form-wise integrity that gives our wings their hallmark class-bursting performance under real, active flying conditions. It is not a very visible brand characteristic when you see a Triple Seven glider in the air or on the ground, but it is VERY easy to recognise the resulting performance and handling benefits as soon as you take to the air!

Technical Data

Size	S	MS	ML	L
Number of cells	51	51	51	51
Projected area (m2)	20.1	22.4	23.7	25.3
Flat area (m2)	23.7	26.4	28.0	29.8
Projected span (m)	8.8	9.3	9.5	9.8
Flat span (m)	11.4	12	12.3	12.7
Projected Aspect Ratio	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.8
Flat aspect ratio	5.4	5.4	5.4	5.4
Glider weight (kg)	4.6	4.9	5.2	5.5
In-flight weight range (kg)	65-85	75-95	85-105	100-120
Certification LTF/EN	B	B	B	B

Materials

Canopy Fabric Code
Leading edge	Dominico 30D MF
Upper surface	Dominico 20D MF
Bottom surface	Dominico 20D MF
Profiles	Porcher Skytex 40 Hard 9017 E29
Diagonals	Porcher Skytex 40 Hard 9017 E29
Mini-ribs	Porcher Skytex 40 Hard 9017 E29
Suspension Lines
Main Lines	PPSL Liros, Edelrid A-8000-U
Risers Fabric Code
Fabric	13 mm Kevlar reinforced Nylon webbing
Pulleys	Harken P18mm ball bearing pulley

Triple Seven Knight Manual